Composition and Properties of Nickel-based Alloys

(Composition and Properties of Nickel-based Alloys)

What is a nickel-based alloy?

Nickel-based alloys refer to a class of alloys that have high strength and a
certain degree of oxidation and corrosion resistance at a high temperature of
650 to 1000 ℃.

According to the main properties, it is divided into nickel-based
heat-resistant alloys, nickel-based corrosion resistant alloys, nickel-based
wear-resistant alloys, nickel-based precision alloys and nickel-based shape
memory alloys.

According to the different substrates, superalloys are divided into
iron-based superalloys, nickel-based superalloys and cobalt-based superalloys.
Among them, nickel-based superalloys are referred to as nickel-based alloys.

Representative materials of nickel-based alloys are:

1. Incoloy alloy, such as Incoloy800, the main component is: 32Ni-21Cr-Ti,
Al; it is a heat-resistant alloy;

2. Inconel alloy, such as Inconel600, the main component is; 73Ni-15Cr-Ti,
Al; it is a heat-resistant alloy;

3. Hastelloy alloy, namely Hastelloy alloy, such as Hastelloy C-276, the main
component is: 56Ni-16Cr-16Mo-4W; it belongs to corrosion-resistant alloy;

4. Monel alloy, namely Monel alloy, such as Monel 400, the main component is;
65Ni-34Cu; belongs to the corrosion-resistant alloy;

Composition and properties of nickel-based alloys

Nickel-based superalloys are the most widely used. The main reason is that,
firstly, more alloying elements can be dissolved in the nickel-based alloy, and
good structure stability can be maintained; secondly, a coherent and ordered
A3B-type intermetallic compound γ[Ni3(Al, Ti)] can be formed. As a strengthening
phase, the alloy is effectively strengthened, and higher high temperature
strength is obtained than iron-based superalloys and cobalt-based superalloys;
third, nickel-based alloys containing chromium have better oxidation and
resistance than iron-based superalloys Gas corrosion ability.

Nickel-based alloys contain more than ten elements, of which Cr mainly plays
an anti-oxidation and anti-corrosion role, and other elements mainly play a
strengthening role. According to their strengthening action mode, they can be
divided into: solid solution strengthening elements such as tungsten,
molybdenum, cobalt, chromium and vanadium; precipitation strengthening elements
such as aluminum, titanium, niobium and tantalum; grain boundary strengthening
elements such as boron, zirconium, Magnesium and rare earth elements, etc.

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(Composition and Properties of Nickel-based Alloys)