What is a nickel-based alloy?
Nickel-based alloys refer to a class of alloys that have high strength and a certain degree of oxidation and corrosion resistance at a high temperature of 650 to 1000 ℃.
According to the main properties, it is divided into nickel-based heat-resistant alloys, nickel-based corrosion resistant alloys, nickel-based wear-resistant alloys, nickel-based precision alloys and nickel-based shape memory alloys.
According to the different substrates, superalloys are divided into iron-based superalloys, nickel-based superalloys and cobalt-based superalloys. Among them, nickel-based superalloys are referred to as nickel-based alloys.
Representative materials of nickel-based alloys are:
1. Incoloy alloy, such as Incoloy800, the main component is: 32Ni-21Cr-Ti, Al; it is a heat-resistant alloy;
2. Inconel alloy, such as Inconel600, the main component is; 73Ni-15Cr-Ti, Al; it is a heat-resistant alloy;
3. Hastelloy alloy, namely Hastelloy alloy, such as Hastelloy C-276, the main component is: 56Ni-16Cr-16Mo-4W; it belongs to corrosion-resistant alloy;
4. Monel alloy, namely Monel alloy, such as Monel 400, the main component is; 65Ni-34Cu; belongs to the corrosion-resistant alloy;
Composition and properties of nickel-based alloys
Nickel-based superalloys are the most widely used. The main reason is that, firstly, more alloying elements can be dissolved in the nickel-based alloy, and good structure stability can be maintained; secondly, a coherent and ordered A3B-type intermetallic compound γ[Ni3(Al, Ti)] can be formed. As a strengthening phase, the alloy is effectively strengthened, and higher high temperature strength is obtained than iron-based superalloys and cobalt-based superalloys; third, nickel-based alloys containing chromium have better oxidation and resistance than iron-based superalloys Gas corrosion ability.
Nickel-based alloys contain more than ten elements, of which Cr mainly plays an anti-oxidation and anti-corrosion role, and other elements mainly play a strengthening role. According to their strengthening action mode, they can be divided into: solid solution strengthening elements such as tungsten, molybdenum, cobalt, chromium and vanadium; precipitation strengthening elements such as aluminum, titanium, niobium and tantalum; grain boundary strengthening elements such as boron, zirconium, Magnesium and rare earth elements, etc.
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