Generally, iron alloys are manufactured by mixing iron with other elements. This process usually results in an alloy that is both strong and conducts electricity. This alloy is used in a variety of applications, including steel. It is also used in castings and wires.
Alloys with 30 to 70 percent copper have increased conductivity. However, this type of alloy has a decreased tensile strength. The microstructure of an alloy with this percentage of copper consists of alternating layers of copper-rich material and iron-rich material.
The alloy is also useful in wires, castings, forgings, and springs. Because it has a high electrical conductivity, it is used in resistance welding machines. The properties of an alloy with this composition vary based on the composition and the type of heat treatment.
Compared with gray iron, ductile cast iron is stronger. It also has a lower melting point and a higher fluidity. Its composition is similar to gray iron. It also has a slightly higher carbon content.
Alloys with a carbon content of less than 2 percent are known as mild steel. Mild steel is the most common type of steel. It has a relatively low silicon content, which reduces the core loss of the steel.
Alloys with a silicon content of 2 to 3 percent have higher electrical conductivity and improve the magnetic performance of steel. In addition, the silicon content in steel lowers the hysteresis loss of the metal.
Alloys with a magnesium content of less than 2 percent have low electrical conductivity. They also have poor corrosion resistance. They are used in bearing assemblies, springs, and electrodes for resistance welding machines.
