Stainless steel is a type of metal that contains iron. This material is commonly used in a variety of applications. It also has some magnetic properties. Choosing a grade of stainless steel is important. However, if you are not sure whether your application requires magnetic metals, you may want to consider a different alloy.
The magnetic properties of stainless castings depend on the chemical composition. There are five main families of stainless steel alloys, each with its own set of properties. These include ferritic, austenitic, duplex, martensitic, and precipitation hardening.
The most common type of stainless steel is austenitic. It reaches magnetism when it is heated. However, its magnetic permeabilities are lower than those of silicon-iron alloys. These grades are considered paramagnetic when in fully austenitic condition.
Some stainless steels can become ferromagnetic when subjected to heavy cold working. This depends on the chemical composition and homogeneity of the steel. Generally, grades 302 and 304 can be slightly ferromagnetic in this condition.
Some of the higher nickel grades can also exhibit a lower magnetic permeability. The magnetic strength of ferritic stainless steels can be reduced by 5 to 20 percent when compared with that of low carbon steel. The magnetic strength of martensitic stainless steels, on the other hand, is increased.
Alloys that are less susceptible to corrosion, such as duplex stainless steels, combine the properties of both ferritic and austenitic stainless steels. They have higher tensile strength, as well as improved stress corrosion resistance. These alloys contain copper, titanium, aluminum, and other elements.
